News

I. A Revolution of Chemical Bonding: Molecular Design and Reaction Mechanism of Reactive Dyes Before the advent of reactive dyes, all bonding between dyes and fibers was physical in nature — either relying on van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds (a...

I. The Coloring Challenge of Hydrophobic Fibers and the Birth of Disperse Dyes Natural fibers such as cotton, flax, silk, and wool either contain abundant hydrophilic groups (hydroxyl groups in cellulose) or possess good swellability (amorphous regions of p...

I. A Fateful Encounter of Acid and Base: The Chemical Nature and Affinity Origin of Acid Dyes The name "acid dyes" is not derived from the dyes themselves being acidic — although most acid dyes are indeed acidic substances — but from the fact th...

Chemistry and Solubilization MechanismSulfur dyes are a class of water-insoluble colorants that contain aromatic rings linked by disulfide bonds within their macromolecular structure. Unlike most other dye classes, sulfur dyes do not possess well-defined, un...

Molecular Structure and Fiber AffinityCationic dyes, historically also known as basic dyes, are a class of water-soluble dyes characterized by a positive charge located on the chromophoric system. The chromogen is typically a triphenylmethane, azo, cyanine, ...

The Principle of Fiber-Formed ColorAzoic dyes, also known as naphthol dyes or ice colors, represent a fundamentally different concept: rather than using a pre-manufactured soluble dye molecule, the color is synthesized directly inside the fiber from two colo...

Mordanting and the Dye-Metal-Fiber ComplexMordant dyes are a class of dyes that have little or no direct affinity for the fiber unless a metallic salt — the mordant — is applied to the fiber before, during, or after dyeing. The mordant forms a co...

Pre-Metallization and Structural TypesMetal-complex dyes, specifically 1:1 and 1:2 pre-metallized dyes, represent a significant advancement over traditional mordant dyes. In these dyes, a transition metal ion — most commonly chromium(III) or cobalt(III...

China's Dye Industry Accelerates Global Expansion The dye industry is a core fine chemical sector supporting the textile industry. After years of iterative upgrading, China's textile synthetic dye production capacity accounts for 68%-72% of the global...

Disperse dyes were first produced commercially in 1922 by BASF in Germany, initially used for dyeing cellulose acetate fibers. In 1923, the British first added selected auxiliaries to the raw dye and pulverized it, creating a dispersion of insoluble disperse...